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How Temperature Affects Viscosity

  How Temperature Affects Viscosity: Viscosity can be defined as the internal friction that occurs as a material flow, relative to itself....

2017年4月25日星期二

Pipette

Zonwon Automated Pipette
Pipette meaning
Pipettes, pipettor or chemical dropper, also known as "quantitative straw". Hong Kong and Taiwan often call it in English name. Pipette is a laboratory equipment designed to measure the volume of liquid and draw it to drip into other containers. Often used in biological experiments or chemical experiments. Through a variety of designs to achieve different accuracy and precision, including from a simple glass-made straw, to the complex adjustable or electronically controlled straw. Many pipettes allow the local container to form a local vacuum and absorb or discharge the liquid by selectively adjusting the vacuum volume. The accuracy of the measurement varies greatly depending on the type.
Pipette history
Zonwon Automated Liquid Dispenser

Abstract: The first micro-pipette was invented by the German Hans Schmitz (1960). The founder of Eppendorf, HeinrichNetheler, inherited the patent and began commercial production of micro-pipettes in the sixties. The adjustable pipettes were invented by several people in the United States of America Wisconsin, including the inventor Warren Greenson and Henry Lardy, professor of biochemistry at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Even if the various pipettes have their own specific descriptive appeals, in practice any type of pipette will be simple called pipette. Sometimes a 1 to 1000 microliter pipette is treated as a "micropipette", and for a larger volume it becomes a "macropipette"


Pipette species

Common pipettes

DP25 Pipette
Exhaust type micro pipette
Exhausted micro-pipettes, often referred to as "exhaust-type pipettes", are referred to as "pipetting guns" and are an adjustable pipette for measuring between 0.1 and 1000 microliters. This pipette requires a disposable tip, in contact with the liquid. The pipette is driven by a piston to discharge air, whereby the vertically moving metal or ceramic piston creates a vacuum in a closed bobbin. When the piston twists upwards, compresses the rear half of the gas, and the first half of the space becomes a vacuum. At this point, the liquid near the tip of the gun will enter the vacuum part, then can be transferred or re-discharged. This pipette can be very accurate and precise. However, because it relies on the movement of the gas, compression, its accuracy will be affected by environmental conditions, especially the temperature and the user's technology. Thus, the instrument must be properly stored and calibrated, and the user must also be trained to practice the correct and stable operation techniques.

Positive displacement pipettes
D25 Pipette
Such pipettes are similar to exhaust pipettes but are less used and are commonly used to avoid contamination or for small, volatile or sticky substances such as DNA. The main difference is that its disposable tip is a micro-syringe (Microsyringe), made of plastic, including a piston, can be directly discharged from the liquid.

Volumetric pipettes
The volumetric pipette allows the user to measure the volume of the solution with a very high precision (four significant digits), which has a larger ball, which is connected to a narrow portion, which is engraved with a tick , Only a volume (similar to the volumetric flask) is identified. Typical models include 10,25,50 ml volumes. Volumetric pipettes are often used to formulate solutions from the base material or to prepare the titrant.

Scale pipette
Scale pipettes, also known as scale pipettes, graduated pipettes, etc., are a large pipette that contains a tube with a series of graduated lines, similar to a graduated cylinder or burette, representing a different volume. It also needs to create a vacuum, in the early chemical, biological experiments, the experimenter will mouth breathing. Scale pipettes usually have 5,10,25,50 ml specifications.
In order to prevent the inhalation of harmful substances, all kinds of manual or electronically controlled pipettes were invented. Initially, the pipette was made of soda-lime glass. Today, many pipettes are made of borosilicate glass. Disposable scale pipettes are usually made of polystyrene.

Pasteur straw
A Pasteur pipette is a plastic or glass pipette used to transfer a small amount of liquid, but not marked with any volume of scale or line. Pasteur pipettes are more often called droppers, chemical droppers.

Bottle Dispenser / Bottle Dispenser

Introduction: Bottle dispenser is equivalent to the immobilization gun fixed on the reagent bottle, can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of reagent once, especially for the distribution of commonly used reagents to avoid repeated dumping trouble.
Bottle dispenser selection

1, the standard bottle distributor for general acid and alkali and low concentrations of strong acid and alkali and salts, such as: H3PO4, H2PO4, NaOH, kOH, and so on;
2, organic bottle mouth distributor for organic and high concentrations of acid, salt. Such as: HCL, HNO3, TFA, THF and so on;
3, hydrofluoric acid bottle distributor is only suitable for HF

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